Saturday, April 30, 2011

Language and Gender in the Military: Honorifics, Narrative, and Ideology in Air Force Talk

Language and Gender in the Military: Honorifics, Narrative, and Ideology in Air Force Talk

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In the thirty-year history of the study of language and gender, theory and application have branched incrementally like the reaches of a family tree. The study of language and gender has progressed from an eye-opening review of differences between the "language" of women and men to observations that language served to preserve "domination" of one sex over another and on to a cross-cultural approach which observes that the ritual styles of talk that are observed among even the youngest girls and boys at play remain with them as women and men. Language and gender has been studied in many institutional and organizational environments including medical, legal, law enforcement, academic, and business settings. While all of those settings have historically been marked by gender-based differentials in opportunity, pay, and power, one of the most metaphorically and demographically gender-differentiated institutions has remained unexamined in the sociolinguistic literature: the military. The military is particularly interesting for linguistic study because it is veritably synonymous with the socio-cultural construction of American masculinity, and therefore a fascinating venue for the study of language, gender, and power. With this innovative study, the author opens the door to considerations of power, gender dynamics, and language and ideology in a community that has not yet been studied using the techniques of discourse analysis. And while some have criticized the utility of examining "outlying cases," particularly in studies of gender or sexuality in language, the military community, though not studied, can hardly be considered an outlying case. On the contrary, American military identity is part of American identity in that it influences the American masculine construct and has affected 26 million veterans and their families, as well as those who may not be in the military but work with and near military members and installations on a regular basis. Also unique to this study and the author's analysis of the usage of "ma'am" and "sir" is an approach which does not necessarily examine how women and men use language, but how those in their community use language to address them as women and men. This landmark book provides a refreshing perspective on gender and language dynamics in a setting not yet examined. Language and Gender in the Military, will be a vital resource for those in gender and language studies.

Language and Gender in the Military: Honorifics, Narrative, and Ideology in Air Force Talk Review

If it's got MSgt Tina Robinson on the cover, it's awesome! Buying it today! I might be a little biased since I have the honor of being mentored by the woman on the cover, though. Looking forward to reading this.

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Friday, April 29, 2011

Legal Aspects of Combating Corruption: The Case of Zambia

Legal Aspects of Combating Corruption: The Case of Zambia

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Poverty-related problems facing Africa are not only overwhelming but are also monumental and worrisome. Some of Africa's poverty problems are self-inflicted and have increasingly become systemically chronic, while others are externally instigated. This book focuses on an aspect of those problems that are principally internal to Africa--the issue of corruption. The book picks out Zambia as a case study. Thus, the efficacy of the legal and institutional framework for fighting corruption in Zambia is examined. As an authoritative text on Zambian jurisprudence, this book brings out critically and analytically incisive legal perspectives. The book also makes reference to closely related developments in other jurisdictions. Weaknesses in the legal and institutional framework in Zambia are identified, and the book spells out proposals to strengthen the framework. "The book is an excellent attempt to set the record straight on the otherwise often confusing present situation in Zambia vis- -vis the established legal and institutional mechanisms, which sometimes appear to compete against each other. This seems to work against the very raison d' tre or objective for which they were instituted. The book attempts to provide some solutions on how this could be avoided or overcome. ... It is a highly recommended work for people in other countries, especially developing ones, who are also involved in the fight against corruption to draw lessons from Zambia's attempt to rid itself from this scourge." - Dr. Mpazi Sinjela, LL.B (UNZA), LL.M, JSD (Yale) Dean, WIPO Worldwide Academy; Professor, (Visiting), Lund University and Raoul Wallenberg Institute (Sweden); Co-Director and Professor, Masters Degree Program in Intellectual Property,University of Turin, (Italy)

Legal Aspects of Combating Corruption: The Case of Zambia Review

"...the book is not just informative to a Zambian audience, but takes on global perspectives by using examples and theoretical constructs that...buttress the analysis of corruption in Zambia... the book approaches the phenomenon of corruption from a multidisciplinary focus. It is holistic and well-rounded in content and outlook. I highly recommend this work. It is well-written and thought-out. It is provocative as well as informative. It is an easy read and is not steeped in jargon." - Ndangwa Noyoo, PhD, Senior Lecturer and Deputy Chair, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.

"In this breath of fresh air book, Dr. Kenneth Mwenda provides the reader with a vivid and persuasive analysis of corruption through a first-class treatment of critical issues surrounding corruption and good governance... The book is very well written and benefits from the author's valuable legal knowledge and his international experience of wide ranging legal systems. Dr. Mwenda has succeeded in providing the reader with penetrating insights on a sensitive subject that has, hitherto, not benefited much from published scholarship... This book is an excellent piece of scholarship on matters of corruption and good governance..." - Juliana Nangogo Siwale, PhD, Faculty of Business Studies, Copperbelt University, Zambia.

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Thursday, April 28, 2011

Lesbian Scandal and the Culture of Modernism

Lesbian Scandal and the Culture of Modernism

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Before lesbianism became a specific identity category in the West, its mere suggestion functioned as a powerful source of scandal in early twentieth-century British and Anglo-American culture. Reconsidering notions of the 'invisible' or 'apparitional' lesbian, Jodie Medd argues that lesbianism's representational instability, and the scandals it generated, rendered it an influential force within modern politics, law, art and the literature of modernist writers like James Joyce, Ezra Pound and Virginia Woolf. Medd's analysis draws on legal proceedings and parliamentary debates as well as crises within modern literary production - patronage relations, literary obscenity and cultural authority - to reveal how lesbian suggestion forced modern political, cultural and literary institutions to negotiate their own identities, ideals and limits. Medd's text will be of great interest to scholars and graduate students in gender and women's studies, modernist literary studies and English literature.

Lesbian Scandal and the Culture of Modernism Review

"...aleatory invocations --the lesbian accusation is invoked almost by chance, not for its content, but instead for its potential scandalous effects. "

-jodie medd

lesbian not in the context of identity, but as suggestion. medd looks at four court cases.

at the end of ww II radclyffe hall turned to the psychic community seeking contact with her deceased lover, mabel batten. an accident left batten an invalid, during which time hall took another lover, a married cousin of batten's, una troubridge, a scandalous and selfish affair for which the neglected batten scolded her lover, hall. an argument ensued between hall and batten, during which batten suffered a physical setback, and a few days later she died. hall's living lover, una, helped hall find a medium to contact batten from the grave. hall and her living lover joined the society for psychical research, recorded their sessions with mediums, with hall delivering a paper, including the biographical detail that she and una troubridge were a married couple. st george fox-pitt, a society member, not happy with hall's conversations with the dead nor her flagrant publication of her affair, sought support of una's cuckold husband, and brought the matter before the society to stop hall, 'a grossly immoral woman', he called her, from being elected to any office within the society. his complaint intended as a matter only for the society, fox-pitt was surprised to find himself summoned to court accused of slander by hall for his use of the phrase 'grossly immoral woman'. hall's attorney argued that the phrase used by fox-pitt could only be interpreted one way, and not that she was a wrecker of a marriage, leaving fox to describe what he meant by his phrase. while the unspeakable ghostly lesbian suggestion, a scandalous accusation in the post-war climate of 1919, hovered in the courtroom, fox-pitt argued, unsuccessfully, that his allegation did not apply to hall's sexuality. pushed into a corner by failing to provide a meaning for his phrase, fox-pitt went so far as to deny he had even made the statement, leaving the jury baffled at the meaning after the questioning of fox-pitt by hall's attorney.

if this reads like a description of some work of fiction, keep in mind that the four court cases medd examines have their inception in the court case of the obscenity of the novel, The Well of Loneliness, by radclyffe hall, who again finds herself in a courtroom and how the obscenity charge involved virginia woolf and the bloomsbury circle playing a reluctant part, a part, medd argues, that had an affect on woolf's later fiction and nonfiction writings.

the other two cases involve first, a full blown scandal in the media and a spectacle in the courtroom when maud allen, in the lead role of oscar wilde's Salome, brought a libel suit against noel pemberton billing, member of the british parliament, who intentionally libeled hall for media attention for his conspiracy theories. billing was also leader of the 'Vigilante Society, whose mission was to promote "purity "in public life, with a particular dedication to rooting out that "mysterious influence "--the invisible German presence spreading moral degeneracy within England -- "which" medd cites michael kettle's Salome's Last Veil, "was responsible, billing claimed, for all the British failures in the war ". the 'invisible German presence' in billing's allegation became synonymous with lesbian allegation.

the other court case involved obscenity charges brought against the literary magazine, The Little Review, for publishing an excerpt from james joyce's unpublished novel, Ulysses. attorney and art patron, john quinn, in what amounted to a childish tantrum, blamed the trouble on the magazine editors, margaret anderson and jane heap, suggesting lesbianism was at the root of the problems the magazine was having with law officials.

the note on the fly jacket recommends this book for scholars and post -graduate classrooms. i found the four cases highly interesting and informative, suitable for a more general reading audience. medd, takes a chance, in knowing she needs to be convincing with her argument for her chosen topic, running the risk of red herrings in making her accusation plausible in her four chosen cases. the key word here is aleatory. she does a admirable job with a lively, well researched contribution to aspects of legal and literary british culture of the early twentieth century.

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Wednesday, April 27, 2011

Local Government: Policy and Management in Local Authorities

Local Government: Policy and Management in Local Authorities

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Since first publication in 1982, Howard Elcock's Local Government has established a reputation as a comprehensive and unbiased account of how British local government really works. This respected textbook has been completely revised and rewritten for its third edition, to take account of changes in local government and in the circumstances in which it operates. The third edition examines new management structures and accountabilities that follow the policy initiatives of the central Conservative administration. It appraises the impact of the three-pronged reform of the Thatcher years: impact on local authorities' financial resources, new structures of local government and new pressure to contract services out to the private and voluntary sectors.

Local Government: Policy and Management in Local Authorities Review

Local Government by Howard Elcock is a somewhat lengthy though insightful book into the inner workings of local and regional governments in the UK, as well as their unitary relationships with the central government. I personally used the book as a valuable source in comparing the local government structures of the United States, UK, and Germany with great success. This is excellent for the student of political science and public administration as Mr. Elcock gives clear and detailed examples of the reforms the UK has undertaken in the past 30 years, reforms the US are undergoing right now. This is also insight for politicians for similar reasons and because of the section devouted to the discussion of locally elected officials and their dispositions, roles, and mannerisms. Altogether this is an excellent source and a recommended reader for comparing local governments or for studying local government in general.

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Tuesday, April 26, 2011

The Making of the European Spatial Development Perspective: No Masterplan (RTPI Library Series)

The Making of the European Spatial Development Perspective: No Masterplan (RTPI Library Series)

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The European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) is published in eleven official EU languages and so is the most international planning policy document that exists. This book is the only comprehensive account of the process of preparing, negotiating and adopting this document. It outlines the differing perspectives of the European member states and shows that the last thing its proponents wanted is a masterplan. The Making of the European Spatial Development Perspective is a unique book offering a snapshot of contemporary European spatial planning.

The Making of the European Spatial Development Perspective: No Masterplan (RTPI Library Series) Review

Not the usual planning text at all - in fact, a planning thriller, as Faludi and Waterhout chart the twists and turns of how Europe struggles for something like a spatial policy. Arguably this book sees the issues more from a north European than a south European perspective: but it is full of rare insights, and moves with pace. A good read!

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